The prospect and challenge of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of chest malignancy / 中华预防医学杂志

In recent years, the incidence of chest malignant tumors in China has increased year by year, which has seriously threatened the health problems of people. Among them, early screening and intervention of patients with chest malignancies is the key to cancer prevention. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment as the "three early prevention" of clinical practice are conducive to improve the survival rate of tumor patients. As a non-invasive and real-time reflection of tumor status, liquid biopsy has gradually received attention in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and exosomes as liquid biopsy "Three carriages" are not only widely used in the diagnosis, monitoring and prognostic evaluation of chest malignancies, but also face many unknown challenges. In this article, the application of liquid biopsy in chest malignancies in recent years is elaborated in detail, which provides a reference for the formulation of clinical tumor prevention and diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Advances in cognitive behavioral art therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is one of the main psychotherapeutic methods used to treat anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Art therapy, based on psychotherapy theory and methods, is rising in popularity abroad. At present, foreign scholars have started to apply cognitive behavioral art therapy (CBAT) for patients with anxiety disorders. Based on the current findings, children and adolescents with developing cognitive functions may also benefit from this therapy. This article summarizes the application status of CBAT in the treatment of anxiety disorder in patients at home and abroad, and innovatively explores its therapeutic potential for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in China, thus providing a novel perspective that can address the shortcomings of CBT.

Application and progress of capture-recapture method in population size estimation / 中华流行病学杂志

Capture-recapture method is an economical and straightforward method widely used in fields such as estimating population size and estimating and adjusting incidence or prevalence. This paper reviews the classical capture-recapture method and its improvement and application in population size estimation in referring the subsequent related work.

Progress on application of spatial epidemiology in HIV/AIDS control and prevention / 中华流行病学杂志

Spatial epidemiology focuses on the use of geographic information systems and spatial analysis to study spatial distribution and change tendency of diseases and explore the health status of specific populations. In recent years, spatial epidemiology has been applied in the field of HIV/AIDS prevention and control. This review summarizes the progress in the application of spatial epidemiology in the analysis of spatiotemporal distribution, non-monitoring area data estimation, influencing factors of AIDS and health resource allocation and utilization to provide reference for its application in the prevention and control of AIDS in the future.

Dendrobium nobile protects against ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis by regulating intestinal flora and suppressing lung inflammation / 中国天然药物

Antibiotic exposure-induced dysbiosis of the intestinal flora increases the risk of developing allergic rhinitis. Hence, regulating the balance of intestinal flora may be useful for preventing and treating allergic rhinitis. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Dendrobium nobile (Shihu) exhibits anti-inflammatory and immune activities. Hence, in this study, we investigated the mechanism via which Shihu may improve allergic rhinitis. Mouse models of allergic rhinitis with intestinal flora dysbiosis (Model-D, antibiotics induce intestinal flora dysbiosis with ovalbumin-induced allergy) and normal intestinal flora with allergic rhinitis (Model-N, ovalbumin-induced allergy) were established. The effect of Shihu on intestinal flora and inflammation caused during allergic rhinitis were analyzed. Allergic symptoms, infiltration of hematoxylin and eosin in the lungs and nose, and the release of various factors [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17] in the lungs were evaluated. The results indicate that intestinal flora dysbiosis exacerbated lung and nose inflammation in allergic rhinitis. However, treatment with the Shihu extract effectively reversed these symptoms. Besides, the Shihu extract inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and increased the level of Forkhead box protein in the lungs. Additionally, the Shihu extract reversed intestinal flora dysbiosis at the phylum and genus levels and improved regulator T cell differentiation. Furthermore, in the Model-D group, the Shihu extract inhibited the decrease in the diversity and abundance of the intestinal flora. Screening was performed to determine which intestinal flora was positively correlated with Treg differentiation using Spearman's correlation analysis. In conclusion, we showed that Shihu extract restored the balance in intestinal flora and ameliorated inflammation in the lungs of allergic rhinitis mice and predicted a therapeutic new approach using Traditional Chinese Medicine to improve allergic rhinitis.

Mechanism of Carthami Flos and Lepidii Semen drug pair in inhibition of myocardial fibrosis by improving cardiac microenvironment based on network pharmacology and animal experiment / 中国中药杂志

Previously, Carthami Flos and Lepidii Semen(CF-LS) drug pair has been proved effective in inhibiting myocardial fibrosis(MF) by blunting the activity of cardiac fibroblasts. The present study explored the underlying mechanism of CF-LS in inhibiting MF by improving the cardiac microenvironment based on network pharmacology combined with experimental verification. Active compounds and potential targets of CF-LS were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP), and the potential targets of MF were obtained from GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM), and Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base(PharmGKB). The "active component-target-MF" network was constructed and analyzed by Cytoscape 3.8.1. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed by STRING. The Gene Ontology(GO) biological process enrichment analysis was performed by CluoGO plug-in. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis was performed by R 4.0.2 and Funrich. Subsequently, the inhibitory effect of CF-LS on MF was investigated based on angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced MF rats. RT-PCR and ELISA were used to verify the effect of CF-LS on the targets of signaling pathways related to vascular endothelial cells predicted by the network pharmacology. Thirty-one active components and 204 potential targets of CF-LS, 4 671 MF-related targets, and 174 common targets were obtained. The network analysis showed that the key targets of CF-LS against MF included RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1), transcription factor AP-1(JUN), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1), cellular tumor antigen p53(TP53), transcription factor p65(RELA), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 8(MAPK8). Biological processes mainly involved regulation of blood vessel diameter, regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration, cell death in response to oxidative stress, etc. Advanced glycation end products(AGE)-receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE) signaling pathway, phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3 K)-serine/threonine protein kinase(AKT) signaling pathway, hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1) signaling pathway, integrin signaling pathway, transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) signaling pathway, etc. were involved in signaling pathway enrichment. Literature retrieval confirmed that some of these signaling pathways were closely related to vascular endothelial cells, including AGE-RAGE, PI3 K-AKT, HIF-1α, p53, the transcription factor activator protein-1(AP-1), integrin, p38 MAPK, and TGF-β. Animal experiments showed that CF-LS inhibited MF induced by Ang Ⅱ in rats by suppressing the expression of RAGE, HIF-1α, integrin β6, and TGF-β1. The inhibitory effect of CF-LS on MF has the characteristics of multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. CF-LS can inhibit MF by regulating the activity of vascular endothelial cells in the cardiac microenvironment.

MA Hui-fang's experience in age-related macular degeneration treated with acupuncture at Jingming (BL 1) / 中国针灸

The paper introduces professor MA Hui-fang's experience in age-related macular degeneration treated with acupuncture at Jingming (BL 1). It is believed that the basic pathogenesis of this disease refers to liver and kidney insufficiency and weakness of spleen qi. Based on the academic ideas of yang qi and meridian-collateral system, the treatment principle is proposed as "invigorating yang qi, replenishing the liver and kidney and nourishing the spleen and stomach". Regarding acupoint selection, Jingming (BL 1) is specially used, combined with the 4 front-mu points (Zhongwan [CV 12], Guanyuan [CV 4] and bilateral Tianshu [ST 25]), as well as the empirical points for eye diseases (Jingming [BL 1], Baihui [GV 20] and Zulinqi [GB 41]). Concerning to needling technique, shuci (transport needling), fenci (intermuscular needling) and yuandaoci (distal needling) are dominated. Eventually, a set of unique therapeutic method has been accumulated through professor MA Hui-fang's clinical practice in treatment of age-related macular degeneration.

Expression of Circular RNA Hsa_circ_0026352 in Breast Cancer and Its Clinical Significance / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of Hsa_circ_0026352 and the clinical characteristics of breast cancer(BC) patients, to evaluate the value of Hsa_circ_0026352 as a diagnostic marker of breast cancer. Methods Human circRNA microarray was used to screen the different expression of circRNAs in BC tissues. qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression of Hsa_circ_0026352 in BC tissue and peripheral blood. CircRNA structure were performed by circPrimer1.2 software. T-test, ANOVA analysis, curve regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were performed to determine the diagnostic values of Hsa_circ_0026352. Results Hsa_circ_0026352 was significantly down-regulated in both breast cancer tissues and peripheral blood (P < 0.01). The AUC of Hsa_circ_0026352 were 0.881 in tissues and 0.826 in peripheral blood (both P < 0.01). The relative expression of Hsa_circ_0026352 in peripheral blood of BC cancer patients was negatively correlated with CA153 level (P < 0.05). The AUC of Hsa_circ_0026352 in peripheral blood of patients with ER positive, early stage breast cancer and breast neoplasm metastasis were 0.710, 0.771 and 0.722 (all P < 0.01), respectively. Conclusion Hsa_circ_0026352 could be a novel predictive biomarker for diagnosis of BC.

Chemical composition and hypoglycemic activity of Edgeworthia gardneri / 药学学报

Seven compounds were isolated from the alcohol extract of Edgeworthia gardneri by various technologies, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and high performance liquid chromatography, and were identified as edgeworthiaside A (1), 2,4,6-trichlorol-3-methyl-5-methoxy-phenol 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propen-1-yl)phenyl 6-O-(6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), eugenol rutinoside (4), tiliroside (5), edgeworoside C (6), and salicylic acid (7). Compound 1 is a new chlorophenyl glycoside and 2-4 were isolated for the first time from Edgeworthia gardneri. The in vitro inhibition of α-glucosidase showed that the inhibition rate of compounds 1 and 2 were similar to acarbose.

Effect of acupuncture on intestinal flora and TLR4 in brain and intestinal tissues in rats with stress gastric ulcer / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture at "Guanyuan" (CV 4) and "Xiajuxu" (ST 39) on intestinal flora and Toll-like receptors-4 (TLR4) in brain and intestinal tissue in rats with stress gastric ulcer (SGU), and to explore the possible mechanism of acupuncture for SGU.@*METHODS@#Thirty-one male SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group (@*RESULTS@#Compared with the blank group, the gastric mucosal damage index was significantly increased in the model group (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture at "Guanyuan" (CV 4) and "Xiajuxu" (ST 39) could alleviate SGU in rats, and its mechanism may be related to increasing the diversity of intestinal flora, promoting the disorder of intestinal flora to normal, and reducing the overexpression of TLR4 in brain and intestinal tissues.

Symbiosis between hyperaccumulators and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their synergistic effect on the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals: a review / 生物工程学报

The remediation of heavy-metal (HM) contaminated soil using hyperaccumulators is one of the important solutions to address the inorganic contamination widely occurred worldwide. Hyperaccumulators are able to hyperaccumulate HMs, but their planting, growth, and extraction capacities are greatly affected by HM stress. The application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhances the function of hyperaccumulators by combining the functional advantages of both, improving the efficiency of remediation, shortening the remediation cycle, and maintaining the stability and persistence of the remediation. Thus, the combined use of AMF with hyperaccumulators has broad prospects for application in the management of increasingly complex and severe HM pollution. This review starts by defining the concept of hyperaccumulators, followed by describing the typical hyperaccumulators that were firstly reported in China as well as those known to form symbioses with AMF. This review provides a systematic and in-depth discussion of the effects of AMF on the growth of hyperaccumulators, as well as the absorption and accumulation of HMs, the effects and mechanism on the hyperaccumulator plus AMF symbiosis to absorb and accumulate HMs. AMF enhances the function of hyperaccumulators on the absorption and accumulation of HMs by regulating the physicochemical and biological conditions in the plant rhizosphere, the situation of elements homeostasis, the physiological metabolism and gene expression. Moreover, the symbiotic systems established by hyperaccumulators plus AMF have the potential to combine their abilities to remediate HMs-contaminated habitat. Finally, challenges for the combined use of remediation technologies for hyperaccumulator plus AMF symbiosis and future directions were prospected.

Effect of Guizhitang with Different Proportions of Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix on Overactive Activation of Cardiac Sympathetic Nervous System in Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of Guizhitang with different proportions of Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix on overactive cardiac sympathetic nerves in salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. Method:Randomly divide the forty male 6-week-old salt-sensitive hypertensive rats into five groups： the normal control group， the model group， the Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix 1∶1 group， the Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix 1∶2 group，and the Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix 2∶1 group， each group has 8 animals， the normal control group was fed with low-salt feed， and the remaining four groups were fed with 8% high-salt feed. After 4 weeks of feeding， gastric feeding was started. Give both the normal control group and model group saline and the Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix 1∶1 group， the 1∶2 group，and the 2∶1 group， were given Guizhitang aqueous solution at 4.0， 5.5 and 5.5 g·kg-1， respectively. Continuous gavage intervention was held for 4 weeks. IITC multi-channel non-invasive sphygmomanometer was used to detect changes of systolic blood pressure before and after treatment in rats. Left ventricular anterior wall end-diastolic thickness （LVAWd） and interventricular septal diastolic thickness （IVSd） were detected by echocardiography. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining and Masson staining were used to observe the myocardial morphological changes of rats in each group， Western blot was used to detect the expression of nerve growth factor （NGF）， growth-associated protein 43 （GAP43） and tyrosine hydroxylase （TH） protein. Result:After 4 weeks of intervention with Guizhitang， compared with the normal control group， the blood pressure， LVAWd and IVSd of the model group were significantly increased， and the expressions of NGF， TH and GAP43 protein were significantly increased （P<0.01）. HE and Masson staining results showed that the model group had myocardial cell edema， a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration， myocardial fiber hyperplasia and disordered arrangement， and a large amount of collagen deposition could be seen in the intercellular substance. Compared with model group， the systolic blood pressure of rats in each Guizhitang group increased slowly， and the expression of NGF， TH and GAP43 protein decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01），the Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix 1∶1 group has the best effect. The results of echocardiography shows that the 1∶1 Guishao group could reduce LVAWd and IVSd levels （P<0.05，P<0.01）， the Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix 1∶2 group could reduce IVSd level （P<0.05）， there was no statistical difference in LVAWd， there was no statistical difference in LVAWd and IVSd in 2∶1 group. In terms of myocardial morphology， each group of Guizhitang can reduce cell edema and inflammatory cell infiltration， reduce myocardial fiber hyperplasia and collagen deposition， and improve the disorder of myocardial fiber arrangement. Among them， the 1∶1 group has the best effect. Conclusion:Guizhitang can inhibit the overactive activation of cardiac sympathetic nervous system，reduce the extent of myocardial fibrosis， inflammatory infiltration and myocardial hypertrophy， and protect salt-sensitive hypertension rats， whose mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of heart NGF.Among them， the Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix 1∶1 group is better than the 1∶2 and 2∶1 group in reducing myocardial fibrosis， inflammatory infiltration and myocardial hypertrophy.

Sex Characteristics and Distribution of External Ear in Uygur Population of Xinjiang / 法医学杂志

Objective To analyze the characteristics of the bilateral external ears of Uygur adults by directly observing the morphological characteristics of the external ears of Uygur adults and classifying each feature. The frequency distribution of the characteristics was calculated to provide reference for forensic identification. Methods The 210 cases （75 males and 135 females） of bilateral external ear photos of Uygur adults in Xinjiang that met the inclusion criteria were collected. The frequencies of the features of the external ear were recorded and distinguished between the two sexes and the different sides. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0 statistical software. Results The shapes of the external ears of males and females were commonly oblique or rectangular （34.67% of the left external ear of males and 41.33% of the right were oblique; 30.37% of the left and right external ear of females were rectangular）, while triangular ears were the rare variants and the least common. Sex and bilateral differences were observed as regards the form of the helix in the subjects. Normally rolled helix was the most common （58.67% males and 61.48% females for the left ear; 60.00% males and 72.59% females for the right ear）. Wide covering scapha helix was the most rare for the male left ear and flat helix was the most rare for the female right ear. Square and free earlobes were the most common （49.33% males and 62.96% females for the left ear; 40.00% males and 54.81% females for the right ear）, whereas triangular earlobes were rarely seen. Single knob tragus （40.00% males and 37.78% females for the left ear; 37.33% males and 33.33% females for the right ear） and projection type of Darwin's tubercle （50.67% males and 40.00% females for the left ear; 48.00% males and 39.26% females for the right ear） were found to be common. Conclusion The characteristics of the bilateral external ears of male and female Uygur adults have differences, which can be used for forensic identification.

Application Status and Prospect of Bite Mark Evidence in Forensic Odontology / 法医学杂志

Bite marks are increasingly common in violent cases such as child abuse and sex crimes. Bite marks are often the result of a suspect's attack or a victim's self-defense. Because human teeth vary in size, shape and arrangement, bite marks on objects such as skin and food are characteristic. By using this principle, forensic odontology can identify or exclude suspects by comparing actual bite marks with the teeth marks in the mouth. In this paper, the practical application of bite mark evidence, the research status and problems of bite mark analysis are briefly reviewed, and the prospect of bite mark analysis is also discussed.

Effect of Guizhitang with Different Proportions of Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix in Regulating TGF-β1/Smads Signaling Pathway and Chronic Inflammation and Alleviating Myocardial Fibrosis in Salt-sensitive Hypertensive Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

<b>Objective::To observe the effect of Guizhitang with different proportions of Cinnamomi Ramulus and Paeoniae Alba Radix on the expressions of transforming growth factor-<italic>β</italic>₁(TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁)/Smads signaling pathway and interleukin-10(IL-10), IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic>(TNF-<italic>α</italic>)related inflammatory cytokines in salt-sensitive hypertensive rats, in order to explore the mechanism of Guizhitang in improving myocardial fibrosis in salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. <b>Method::Totally 40 male 6-week-old salt-sensitive rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the normal control group, the model group, the 1∶1(RC/peony)Guishao group, the 1∶2 Guishao group, and the 2∶1 Guishao group, with 8 in each group. The normal control group was fed with normal salt diet, while the other four groups were fed with high-salt diet. After 4 weeks of feeding, the rats were given intragastric administration, the normal control group and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline, and the 1∶1 Guishao group, the 1∶2 Guishao group and the 2∶1 Guishao group were given 4.0, 5.5, 5.5 g·kg^-1 of Guizhitang by gavage for 4 weeks. Blood pressure was measured once a week, left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVESD), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular short axis shortening fraction (LVFS) were detected by using echocardiogram. The pathological changes of myocardial morphology were observed by htoxylin eosin(HE)and Masson staining. The expressions of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in myocardial tissue of each group was detected by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression levels of IL-10, IL-6 and TNF-<italic>α</italic> in myocardial tissue of each group were detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR). The protein expression levels of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁, <italic>α</italic>-smooth muscle actin(<italic>α</italic>-SMA), Smad2, Smad3 and Smad7 in myocardial tissue of each group were detected by Western blot. <b>Result::Compared with the normal control group, the blood pressure was increased in the model group at 8-15 weeks, LVESD, LVEDD were increased in the model group, while LVFS, LVEF were decreased in the model group. The collagen volume fraction was increased, immunohistochemistry showed the expression levels of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen were increased, mRNA expression levels of IL-10, IL-6 and TNF-<italic>α</italic> were increased, the protein expression levels of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁, Smad2, Smad3 and <italic>α</italic>-SMA were increased, whereas the protein expression of Smad7 was decreased (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the model group, the blood pressure rise of each group of Guizhitang was delayed in 12-15 weeks, LVESD and LVEDD were decreased in Guizhitang group (<italic>P</italic><0.01), LVFS, LVEF were increased in Guizhitang group (<italic>P</italic><0.01), the collagen volume fraction was decreased in Guizhitang group (<italic>P</italic><0.01), and the expressions of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen were decreased in Guizhitang group (<italic>P</italic><0.01). At the same time, the mRNA expression of IL-10 was increased in Guizhitang group (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01), the mRNA expressions of IL-6 and TNF-<italic>α</italic> were decreased in Guizhitang group (<italic>P</italic><0.01), and the protein expressions of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁, Smad2, Smad3 and <italic>α</italic>-SMA were decreased in Guizhitang group (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01), and the protein expression of Smad7 was increased in Guizhitang group (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the 2∶1 Guishao group, the effect of the 1∶1 Guishao group in improving the above indicators was more obvious (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01). <b>Conclusion::Guizhitang with different proportions of Ramulus Cinnamomi and Poeny can alleviate the degree of myocardial fibrosis in salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁/Smads signaling pathway and the reduction of inflammatory response. Besides, the 1∶1 Guishao group showed the optimal effect in reducing inflammation and improving myocardial fibrosis.

The mediating role of depression symptoms in childhood abuse and cyberbullying among college students / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective Analyze the correlation of depression between the childhood abuse behavior and adulthood cyberbullying behavior, so as to discuss and provide evidences for preventing the cyberbullying behavior of college students. Methods A total of 4 040 college students were surveyed after multistage stratified cluster random sampling from 6 universities in Shanxi Province of China by using childhood trauma questionnaire, self-rating depression scale and cyberbullying scale. Results In the three dimensions of cyberbullying, cyber-verbal bullying behavior, identity concealing behavior and cyber-forgery fraud behavior, male students and only child students scored higher than that of female students and non-only child students (all P<0.001). There was a positive correlation between childhood abuse, adult depression and cyberbullying (all P<0.001). The mediation effect results showed that depression symptoms of college students were mediating between childhood abuse experience and cyberbullying behavior (the mediation effect result was 0.090, P<0.001), the mediation effect contributed 12.16% to the total effect, the mediation model fitting index were 2/df=39.96，RMSEA=0.101，CFI=0.948，TLI=0.924，SRMR=0.043. Conclusions Childhood abuse experience and adulthood depression are closely related to the implementation of cyberbullying behavior in college, and depression plays part of mediating role in predicting the implementation of cyberbullying behavior in college students who has childhood abuse experience.

Effect of acupuncture on intestinal flora in rats with stress gastric ulcer / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture at "Baihui" (GV 20), "Zhongwan" (CV 12) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) on intestinal flora in rats with stress gastric ulcer (SGU) , and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture promoting SGU recovery.@*METHODS@#Thirty-one SPF SD rats were randomly divided into a control group (7 rats), a model control group (8 rats), an acupuncture group (8 rats) and a medication group (8 rats). The rats in the model group, acupuncture group and medication group were selected to applied the improved restraint water-immersion stress method to establish the SGU model. After modeling, the rats in the control group and model group were fixed and restrained for 20 min every day for a total of 5 days; the rats in the acupuncture group were intervented with acupuncture at "Baihui" (GV 20), "Zhongwan" (CV 12) and "Zusanli" (ST 36), once a day, 20 min each time, and twisting needle for 30 s every 5 min for a total of 5 days; the rats in the medication group were gavaged by solution of omeprazole enteric-coated tablet (200 mg/mL), 2 mL for each rat, once a day. Guth method was used to calculate the gastric mucosal damage index (GMDI), HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of gastric mucosa, and 16SrDNA identification was used to detect the structural abundance of intestinal flora.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the GMDI of rats in the model group was increased (<0.01), the gastric mucosal pathological changes were significant, and the intestinal flora richness index Chao1, Observed species and diversity index Shannon were all decreased (<0.05), the diversity index Simpson was increased (<0.05). Compared with the model group, the GMDI of rats in the acupuncture group and medication group was reduced (<0.01, <0.05), the gastric mucosal damage degree was reduced, and the intestinal flora richness index Chao1, Observed species and diversity index Shannon were all increased (<0.05) and the diversity index Simpson decreased (<0.05). Compared with the medication group, the GMDI of rats in the acupuncture group was reduced (<0.01), the recovery of gastric mucosal injury was better than that of the medication group.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture can effectively improve gastric mucosal injury of SGU, and the mechanism may be related to increasing the diversity of intestinal flora and promoting the correction of the disordered intestinal flora.

Anti-arthritic activity of D-carvone against complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats through modulation of inflammatory cytokines

Chronic joint pain due to loss of cartilage function, degradation of subchondral bone, and related conditions are common plights of an arthritis patient.Antioxidant compounds could solve the problems in arthritic condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of D-carvone against complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats. D-carvone was orally administered for 25 days at the doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg against CFA-induced arthritic rats. Changes in body weight, paw swelling, organ index, hematological parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, and histopathology were recorded.Oral treatment of D-carvone significantly improved the body weight, reduced the paw swelling, edema formation, and organ index in arthritic rats. The levels of white blood cells were reduced, red blood cells and hemoglobin levels were improved in D-carvone treated arthritic rats. Lipid peroxidation levels were lowered whereas enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were significantly elevated by D-carvone administration against arthritic rats. D-carvone significantly modulated inflammatory cytokine levels and improved the ankle joint pathology against CFA-induced arthritic inflammation. In conclusion, D-carvone proved significant anti-arthritic activity against CFA-induced arthritis in rats.

Anti-arthritic activity of D-carvone against complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats through modulation of inflammatory cytokines

Chronic joint pain due to loss of cartilage function, degradation of subchondral bone, and related conditions are common plights of an arthritis patient.Antioxidant compounds could solve the problems in arthritic condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of D-carvone against complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats. D-carvone was orally administered for 25 days at the doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg against CFA-induced arthritic rats. Changes in body weight, paw swelling, organ index, hematological parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, and histopathology were recorded.Oral treatment of D-carvone significantly improved the body weight, reduced the paw swelling, edema formation, and organ index in arthritic rats. The levels of white blood cells were reduced, red blood cells and hemoglobin levels were improved in D-carvone treated arthritic rats. Lipid peroxidation levels were lowered whereas enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were significantly elevated by D-carvone administration against arthritic rats. D-carvone significantly modulated inflammatory cytokine levels and improved the ankle joint pathology against CFA-induced arthritic inflammation. In conclusion, D-carvone proved significant anti-arthritic activity against CFA-induced arthritis in rats.

Individualized comprehensive treatment for lung adenocarcinoma with multiple skin and bilateral breast metastasis: A case report / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Lung adenocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that is prone to distant metastasis. Common metastatic sites are brain, adrenal gland, liver, bone, and so on. Skin soft tissue metastasis is unusual, and breast metastasis is even rarer. This case is a middle-aged female patient who had experienced multi-line treatments for upper limbs, abdominal skin, and bilateral breast tissue metastases.The patient's multiple metastases were susceptible to radiation therapy.Reviewing the entire treatment process of this patient can find that the rational use of individualized comprehensive treatment methods and appropriate timing of genetic testing are very important for patients with lung adenocarcinoma to prolong their survival time and improve their quality of life.